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KMID : 0525720130180010001
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Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
2013 Volume.18 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.6
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Effect of Carboxymethyl Chitosan on Dog Dry Eye Model
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Park Jai-Soon
Jang Hwan-Soo
Yun Sung-Ho
Park Sang-Joon
Kwak Dong-Mi
Jeong Kyu-Shik
Ku Sae-Kwang
Jang Kwang-ho
Kwon Young-sam
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), on dog dry eye model induced by topical application of benzalkonium chloride (BAC). Fifteen healthy adult male Beagle dogs were used and dry eye model was induced by instilling 0.4% BAC eye drops four times daily for 4 weeks. Sterile distilled water (control group), artificial tears, and 0.5% CMC eye drops were applied from 2 weeks to 4 weeks after 0.4% BAC eye drops application. Schirmer tear test, fluorescein, rose bengal staining were performed before and after BAC treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid Schiff (PAS), and immunohistochemical stainings were performed to evaluate general histopathology, number of goblet cells, patterns of TNF-ａ, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 expressions. Schirmer scores of CMC treated eye were significantly higher than control group on day 7, 10, 14 (p<0.05). Fluorescein scores were significantly decreased in CMC treated group compared with control group on day 3, 7, 10, and 14, and rose bengal staining scores were significantly lower in CMC treated group than in control group on day 7, 10, and 14 (p<0.05). In the histological examination, the thickness of damaged corneal and conjuctival epithelial layers and the number of goblet cells of the conjunctiva were markedly increased in CMC treated eyes. In addition, the numbers of inflammatory cells, TNF-ａ, caspase-3, and PARP positive cells were significantly reduced in CMC treated ocular surface tissues (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that topical application of 0.5% CMC eye drops may have a beneficial effect on dog dry eye induced by 0.4% BAC topical application by regeneration of damaged ocular surface and alleviation of its inflammatory and apoptotic processes.
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KEYWORD
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Benzalkonium chloride, Carboxymethyl chitosan, Dry eye, Dog
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